After install ROS, your cmake version would be:

'usr/bin/cmake' --version

get the result:

cmake version 3.10.2

CMake suite maintained and supported by Kitware (kitware.com/cmake).

If we use following command to install latest cmake:

$ sudo snap install cmake --classic

by default, its path would be in the /snap/bin

check it by using:

$ '/snap/bin/cmake' --version
cmake version 3.23.1

CMake suite maintained and supported by Kitware (kitware.com/cmake).

But after you check it with:

$ cmake --version

You will still get the same result:

cmake version 3.10.2

CMake suite maintained and supported by Kitware (kitware.com/cmake).

This is because, according to the Linux execution environment order:

1. /etc/environment
	1. /usr/local/sbin
	2. /usr/local/bin
	3. /usr/sbin
	4. /usr/bin
	5. /sbin
	6. /bin
	7. /usr/games
	8. /usr/local/games
	9. /snap/bin
2. /etc/profile
3. /etc/bash.bashrc
4. ~/.profile
5. ~/.bashrc

So we need to link the cmake to the /usr/local/bin using the following command:

sudo ln -s /snap/cmake/current/bin/* /usr/local/bin

After this, you will surprisingly see your cmake version has became:

$ cmake --version
cmake version 3.23.1

CMake suite maintained and supported by Kitware (kitware.com/cmake).

Reference: